Romain SCHMITT
University of Lorraine,France
Title: Nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoglutathione, to maintain intestinal barrier integrity: potential therapeutic candidate for prevention of inflammation recurrences.
Biography
Biography: Romain SCHMITT
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play a pivotal role to maintain the intestinal barrier integrity, such as regulation of oxidative stress, healing, mucus secretion, immune system regulation, etc. S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a nitric oxide donor is naturally secreted by enteric glial cells after stimulation of the vagus nerve. GSNO is known to prevent inflammatory events and to preserve intestinal barrier integrity [1][2]. We have highlight in a Ussing chamber model that there is a concentration-dependant effect of NO on rat ileon intestinal permeability: a low concentration of GSNO (0.1 µM) significantly decreases the permeability of sodium fluorescein after 2 hours when compared to high concentrations (100 µM). This effect is not observe in presence of glutathion equivalent concentrations. Moreover, GSNO degradation and absorption on isolated rat intestine were studied, and we found that an enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase expressed on intestinal epithelioma (and also by microbiota [3]), is involved in GSNO intestinal permeability. Also, the inhibition of endogenous secretion of NO by using N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NO synthases inhibitor) showed us that NO observed effect in intestinal permeability comes from exogenous supply with GSNO. From these results, GSNO could be proposed as an innovative prophylactic agent, in order to prevent relapses of inflammation for inflammatory bowel diseases patient in clinical remission.